SSIObservation System for Respiratory Metabolism and Activity of Drosophila

The multi-channel insect respiratory metabolism measurement system from Sable Corporation in the United States is used to accurately measure the exhaled carbon dioxide and oxygen consumption of insects such as fruit flies and other animals, as well as to calculate respiratory quotient, synchronously monitor insect activity and its relationship with respiratory metabolism. It is widely used in research related to respiratory metabolism of fruit flies and other small insects, such as genetics, medical experiments, pest control, preventive medicine research experiments, insect ecology, etc. The system consists of a carbon dioxide analyzer, an oxygen analyzer, a multi-channel gas path converter, an airflow controller, a data collector and program software, and an air chamber (breathing chamber, etc.). Based on the research content and budget, an 8-channel (capable of measuring respiratory metabolism of 7 animals simultaneously) or more channel observation systems can be customized, or CO can be measured simultaneously₂、 O₂、 RQ and H₂O， Alternatively, only CO measurement can be selected according to requirements₂Or O₂The measurement system.

Functional features:

1) Modular structure, with powerful system expansion capabilities and flexible and diverse experimental configurations, is currently the most widely used and published instrument system for respiratory metabolism research in fruit flies in the world

2) The standard configuration is 8 channels, which can be expanded to 16 channels, 24 channels or more channels, and is used for measuring respiratory metabolism of small insects such as fruit flies or other microorganisms

3) The high-sensitivity and high-precision O2/CO2 analyzer is currently the only instrument system in the world that can directly perform online real-time analysis (open analysis) on individual fruit flies and other microorganisms

4) By selecting the AD-2 infrared activity monitoring device, real-time synchronized monitoring of the activity intensity of fruit flies and other animals can be achieved（The insect activity breathing chamber is placed on an infrared activity monitor, and any activity of the insect will cause subtle changes in the intensity of reflected infrared light. These subtle changes are detected and amplified by the detector, converted into voltage signals that are collected and analyzed by a data collector, and ultimately reflect the activity status of the insect）

5) Optional temperature control system for temperature control

6) Different measurement methods can be set up, such as closed, open, sampling flow injection, and other measurement techniques

7) Optional infrared thermal imaging monitoring module, synchronously monitoring insect body temperature

Technical indicators:

1) Oxygen analysis measurement: Oxygen measurement range 0-100%, resolution 0.0001%, accuracy better than 0.1%, response time less than 7 seconds, 24-hour drift less than 0.01%, 20 minute noise less than 0.002% pk pk; Temperature and pressure compensation, 4-channel analog output, 16 bit resolution; Digital filtering (noise) adjustable from 0-50 seconds, amplification of 0.2 seconds, built-in A/D converter resolution of 24 bits; Can simultaneously measure temperature (measurement range 0-60 ℃, resolution 0.001 ℃) and air pressure (measurement range 30-110kPa, resolution 0.0001kPa); Equipped with a two-line text digital LCD display screen, backlit, capable of displaying both oxygen content and air pressure simultaneously; Size 33x25x10cm, weight approximately 4.5kg. There is also an alternative dual channel high-precision oxygen analysis measuring instrument.

2) High precision differential oxygen analyzer (optional), suitable for open online respiratory metabolism measurement of small insects such as fruit flies, with a measurement range of 0-100%, accuracy of 0.1%, and resolution of 0.0001%

3) Carbon dioxide analysis and measurement (CA-10): Dual wavelength non dispersive infrared technology, measurement range 0-5% or 0-10% two-stage selection (two-way), built-in data acquisition system, real-time measurement, response time less than 1 second, resolution better than 0.0001% or 1ppm (up to 0.1ppm), accuracy 1%, recommended airflow of 5-2000ml/minute, noise less than 2ppm, 24-hour drift less than 0.002%, temperature compensation through software, sampling frequency 10Hz; Equipped with a two-line text digital LCD display screen, backlit, capable of displaying CO simultaneously₂Content and pressure; 4-channel analog output, 16 bit resolution, with digital filtering (noise); Size 33x25x10cm, weight approximately 4.5kg

4) Ultra high precision carbon dioxide analysis and measurement (optional): Differential non dispersive infrared gas analyzer, used for online measurement of respiratory metabolism of small organisms such as fruit flies or ticks and mites, with a measurement range of 0-3000ppm, a resolution of 0.01ppm, and an accuracy of 1%

5) RH-300 water vapor measuring instrument (optional): measurement range 0.2% -100% (relative humidity), resolution 0.001% (relative humidity), dew point temperature -40~40 ℃, resolution 0.002 ℃ (dew point temperature), water vapor density 0-10 µ g/ml, resolution 0.0001 µ g/ml, water vapor pressure 0-20kPa, resolution 0.01Pa; Analog output of 16 bits, recommended airflow speed of 5-2000ml/min, equipped with a two-line text digital LCD display screen, backlit, capable of displaying both water vapor content and temperature simultaneously

6) SS4Gas secondary sampling unit: including a pump, needle valve (controlling the airflow in and out of the pump body), and gas flow meter (0-2000ml/m); Diaphragm pump, roller motor, maximum flow rate 2-4L/min; Thermal bridge flowmeter with a resolution of 1ml/min and an accuracy of 2%; Analog output of 12 bits; Weight approximately 2kg

7) Air circuit converter: 8 channels (including one baseline channel), sampling frequency 10Hz

8) UI-3Data collector, 12 channels, 8 analog inputs, 16 bit resolution; 4 temperature inputs with a resolution of 0.001 degrees Celsius; 8 digital outputs for system control, 1 16 bit counter, 2-channel voltage output, pulse width modulation

9) Insect glass chamber: ultra-low carbon dioxide and water vapor absorption or permeability, diameter 33mm, standard includes two lengths of 50mm and 100mm (optional other lengths), air path interface OD3.2mm, specially designed two-way (open at both ends) sealing cover and baffle device to evenly distribute airflow

10) Micro breathing chamber: The breathing chamber and sealing cover are both made of borosilicate glass material, used for measuring the respiration of small insects such as fruit flies and insect eggs. The diameter is 9.0mm, the volume is 0.5-1.0ml, the gas interface OD is 1.5mm, and the borosilicate glass sealing cover is used

11) Infrared activity monitoring (optional):Infrared emission and detection technology, 900nm near-infrared light, will not be detected by insects and cause interference, nor will it produce significant thermal effects. It is used to monitor the activity status of various insects, ticks, mites and other invertebrates at 0.0005-1g, in order to study the physiological ecology of insects and other animals, the relationship between insect activity and temperature, the relationship between insect activity and respiratory metabolism, insect health status and physiological status, the impact of insecticides on insects and minimum lethal dose, critical thermal maximum (CTmax), discontinuous gas exchange (DGC) cycle, etc.

12) MavenHigh throughput insect respiration measurement module: This module can simultaneously measure 16 channel insect respiration chambers, with high integration, covering respiration chambers, RM8, Model840, MFC-2, data acquisition system UI-3, ExpeData software, etc.

13) Professional technical configuration and training, including training on different assembly and operation techniques such as closed, open, suction, push, and sampling flow injection methods.

Application Cases

Donna G. FolkThe Journal of Experimental Biology (2007) conducted a study on the heat tolerance of different strains of fruit flies using an SSI fruit fly respiratory metabolism measurement system equipped with an infrared insect activity monitoring device. The system configuration mainly includes a high-precision CO2 analyzer, an 8-channel gas path switching system (forming an 8-channel measurement system), an AD-1 activity monitoring device, a gas precision control sampling system, a data acquisition and analysis system, a temperature control system, and temperature sensors. The synchronized recording data of fruit fly respiration (black solid line in the figure) and activity (red solid line in the figure) are shown in Fig.2. In the figure, A, B, C, and D represent the four phases of exponential rise, stationary phase, lethal decline phase, and lethal peak, respectively. The results showed that the sex of fruit flies had no significant effect on Q10, but selective treatment (HN high knockdown lines, LN low knockdown lines, CN control knockdown lines) had a significant effect on Q10.

Fitness is usually measured by the number of offspring produced by an individual, but in reality, fitness isHarmony is the result of biological development and physiological processes, which is closely related to its metabolism. Terhi Honkola (2009) from the Department of Biological and Environmental Science at the University of Jyv ä skyl ä in Finland used the SSI multi-channel insect respiration measurement system to measure the effects of inbreeding, hybridization, and environmental stress (salt stress) on the metabolic rate of Drosophila. The results showed that the respiratory metabolic rate of inbreeding Drosophila was lower than that of hybridization Drosophila, supporting the theory that "low metabolic rate means low fitness"; Salt stress has no significant effect on the respiratory metabolism of fruit flies.

Greg SuhIn 2004, a paper titled "A Single Population of Olfactory Sensory Neurons Mediates an Innate Avoidance Behavior" was published in NatureDrosophila”The article found that fruit flies have a natural tendency to avoid odors emitted by threatened fruit flies (such as through vibration induced stress on fruit flies), and CO2 is one of the main components of this odor and can induce avoidance behavior in other fruit flies.

Aziz Khazaeli et al. (2005) from the Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior at the University of Minnesota used the SSI multi-channel Drosophila respiratory measurement system to measure the respiratory metabolism of adult Drosophila melanogaster at different ages, in order to determine the relationship between genetic variation in respiratory metabolism and lifespan. The results showed that age had a significant impact on respiratory metabolism in the young age group (5-16 days old), and the effect of fly age on respiratory metabolism was significantly reduced at 16 days old. There is no evidence to suggest a negative correlation between respiratory metabolism rate and survival, indicating that the research results do not support this“rate of living”Theory (which suggests that high respiratory metabolic rate implies low lifespan).

2017Helmut Kovac et al. published in the journal J COMP Physiol B: “Comparison of thermal traits of Polistes dominula and Polistes gallicus, two European paper wasps with strongly differing distribution ranges” One article applied SSI's insect respiratory metabolism measurement system and infrared thermal imaging system to study the body temperature and metabolism of two European wasps. It proved that under different temperature environmental conditions, the two wasps have different tolerance to the environment, and their body temperature regulation methods determine their adaptability to different regions.

Anton StabentheinerThey published in the Thermochimica Acta magazine: “Assessing honeybee and wasp thermoregulation and energetics—New insights by combination of flow-through respirometry with infrared thermography” A study was conducted on the thermoregulation of insects such as bees and wasps, demonstrating the application of infrared thermography and respiratory measurement techniques in the field of insect ecology research and obtaining accurate results. The maximum thermal threshold for bees and wasps is different, which allows bees to kill wasps by heating them. The combined use of respiration measurement and thermal imaging provides a powerful explanation for the respiratory traces of insects in determining their critical heat limit for respiration.

Origin: United States