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Design scheme for river and lake sampling points
The design scheme for sampling points in rivers and lakes, after setting up monitoring sections, should determine the sampling vertical line on the se
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Design scheme for river and lake sampling pointsAfter setting up the monitoring section, the sampling vertical line on the section should be determined based on the width of the water surface (see Table 3-4), and the position and number of sampling points should be determined based on the depth of the sampling vertical line (see Table 3-5).
Design scheme for river and lake sampling pointsSetting the number of sampling verticals
Water surface width |
Number of vertical lines |
explain |
≤50m |
One (Zhonghong Line) |
1. The vertical line layout should avoid the pollution zone, and an additional vertical line should be added to measure the pollution zone. |
50-100m |
Two (near the left and right banks where there is obvious water flow) |
2. When it can be proven that the water quality of the section is uniform, only the median vertical line can be set. 3. When calculating pollutant flux at this section, it must be set according to this table |
＞100m |
Three (left, middle, right) |
Place a vertical line. |
Table 3-5 Sampling Point Settings on the Sampling Vertical Line
Water depth |
Sampling points |
explain |
≤5m |
A little higher up |
1. The upper layer refers to the area 0.5m below the water surface, and when the water depth is less than 0.5m, it is at 1/2 of the water depth. |
2. The lower layer refers to the area 0.5m above the riverbed. | ||
5-10m |
Two points on the upper and lower levels |
3. The middle layer refers to a depth of 1/2 of the water. |
＞10m |
Upper, middle, and lower levels |
4. When frozen, sample at 0.5m below the ice, and when the water depth is less than 0.5m, sample at 1/2 of the water depth. |
5. When calculating the pollutant content in this section, sampling points must be set according to this table. |
When there is a temperature stratification phenomenon in the water body of lakes and reservoirs, the number and location of sampling points can be determined based on the relationship between the temperature distribution layer and the sampling points (Table 3-6).
Table 3-6 Setting of vertical sampling points for lake (reservoir) monitoring
Water depth |
Layered situation |
Sampling points |
explain |
≤5m |
One point (0.5m below the water surface) |
1. Stratification refers to the temperature stratification of lake water. 2. If the water depth is less than 1m, set up measuring points at 1/2 of the water depth. 3. When there is sufficient data to confirm that the water quality is uniform along the vertical line, the number of measuring points can be reduced as appropriate. |
|
5m-10m |
Not stratified |
Two points (0.5m below the water surface and 0.5m above the water bottom) |
|
5m-10m |
layered |
Three points (0.5m below the water surface, 1/2 inclined temperature layer, and 0.5m above the water bottom) |
|
＞10m |
Except for 0.5m below the water surface and 0.5m above the water bottom, set at 1/2 of each inclined layer |
Figure 3-2 Schematic diagram of sampling point setting in the interlayer
A1In the surface temperature layer; A2Under the temperature layer; A3In the subtropical layer;
A4About 1 meter above the interface between sediment and water medium; h： Water depth
，After determining the location of the monitoring section and sampling points, there should be fixed and obvious natural signs along the shore at their positions. If there are no natural markers, artificial markers such as vertical stone pillars, wooden stakes, etc. should be set up. Each sampling should strictly follow the markers, so that the collected samples are taken from the same location to ensure the representativeness and comparability of the samples.
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