The laser emits laser pulses of specific wavelengths (532nm, 355nm), which are collimated and expanded before entering the atmosphere. Particles in the atmosphere scatter the laser, and the detection system detects the echo signals of three channels, which are then inverted into extinction coefficient and depolarization ratio (depolarization ratio). Comprehensive graphical display of the spatiotemporal evolution process of fine particulate matter, combined with near ground station data, can comprehensively analyze the pollution process and characteristics of fine particulate matter in the local area in a three-dimensional manner, effectively distinguishing the relationship between local pollution and external transportation.